As for iah, she bore the title of mwtnswt, kings mother. He kept the capital in the south, and there he built the tomb shown above, at a site now called deir. Mentuhotep i is likely present on the karnak king list, with both his horus and birth names, though both are damaged. He kept the capital in the south, and there he built the tomb shown above, at a site now.
Dynasty 710 to be identified with 1516 there was no first intermediate period. Despite this, mentuhotep iii was able to explore to punt and innovate new architecture. Pronunciation of mentuhotep with 2 audio pronunciations, 1 meaning, 5 translations and more for mentuhotep. Mentuhotep ii, also called nebhapetre, king ruled 20081957 bce of ancient egypts 11th dynasty 20811938 bce who, starting as the ruler of southernmost egypt in about 2008 bce, reunified the country by defeating his rivals and ushered in the period known as the middle kingdom 1938c. Mentuhotep 2s main achievement is clearly that he managed to unify egypt, after a 60 year long. Mentuhotep ii the long reign of mentuhotep i was used to good advantage, allowing the king to bequeath to his son, sankhkare mentuhotep ii, the throne of a flourishing country. He was assigned a reign of 12 years in the turin canon. Mentuhotep ii retained the power in the city of thebes and reestablished a centralize government. The mortuary temple of mentuhotep ii on the west bank at luxor by jimmy dunn writing as mark andrews. Mentuhotep ii reunited egypt under one rule after more than a century of feuding dynasties had divided the country. Feb 09, 2009 mentuhotep nebhepetre was the theban ruler who reunited upper and lower egypt at the end of the first intermediate period and was the founder of dynasty xi. Mentuhotep iis successors, mentuhotep iii 195745 bce and mentuhotep iv 194538 bce, also ruled from thebes. Mentuhotep nebhepetre was the theban ruler who reunited upper and lower egypt at the end of the first intermediate period and was the founder of dynasty xi.
King mentuhotep iii actually, the second mentuhotep of the middle kingdom and sometimes referred to as mentuhotep ii, benefited from a strong and flourishing country upon the death of his father, king mentuhotep ii. Mentuhotep ii continued the policy of his dynasty xi predecessors. Mentuhotep i may have been a theban nomarch and independent ruler of upper egypt during. Statue of king mentuhotep ii in the jubilee garment dynasty 11, reign of mentuhotep ii ca. Nowhere is this lineage by the witness of henenu cairo 36 346, an official who. Mentuhotep iis selfdeification program is evident from temples he built where he is represented wearing the headgear of min and amun. If the theban dynasty xi began with mentuhotep the elder, then this. At his start thebes controlled the land from aswan in the south up to the abydos area. Nebhetepre pleas ed is the lord of re is seen within the cartouche right is one of the most prominent and outstanding rulers in egyptian history.
May 24, 2018 genealogy for sankhkare mentuhotep iii mentouhotep, pharaoh of egypt 2050 1998 family tree on geni, with over 200 million profiles of ancestors and living relatives. This lineage is demonstrated by the stele of henenu cairo 36346, an official who served under intef ii, intef iii and his son, which the stele identifies as horus sankhibt3wy, mentuhotep ii s first horus name. He was most likely considered the founder of the eleventh dynasty and given the. Xi th dynasty 2 1983 thebes t he dynasty itself began with a series of four kings in fact hardly more than nomarchs, who ruled from thebes. One of the wives of mentuhotep ii, tem, was given the title mother of the dual king and based on that title she is almost certainly the mother of. To navigate the timeline, click and drag it with your mouse, or click on the timeline overview on the bottom. The dark ages of the first intermediate period have been confused with the dark. Dec 29, 2015 ancient egypt the middle kingdom with pyramids 20401782 bc history of god 11 duration. Relief of nebhepetre mentuhotep ii and the goddess hathor period. Reign of mentuhotep ii in egypt, founder of the middle kingdom era.
Mentuhotep ii, 1st ruler middle kingdom timeline index. From egypt, upper egypt, thebes, deir elbahri, temple of mentuhotep ii, egypt exploration fund excavations, 1907 medium. The resulting civil war was won by the thebans of the 11th dynasty, led by king mentuhotep ii. He was lucky to have a long reign of about fifty years and the first decade is little known about. King mentuhotep iis chapel unearthed in sohag a well preserved limestone chapel from the reign of the 11th dynasty king mentuhotep ii has been unearthed in sohag nevine elaref. Mentuhotep ii initiated a number of building projects, including in the areas of elkab, gebelein, tod, deir elballas, dendera, karnak, abydos, aswan and armant.
The ankh sign in mentuhotep iiis throne name sankhkara might have been erroneously inscribed as the similar looking nefer on the karnak king list. This would explain pharaoh sneferkara is sitting just behind mentuhotep ii instead of sankhkara. Genealogy for sankhkare mentuhotep iii mentouhotep, pharaoh of egypt 2050 1998 family tree on geni, with over 200 million profiles of ancestors and living relatives. Sankhare mentuhotep iii of the eleventh dynasty was pharaoh of egypt during the middle kingdom. He seems to fit into a 7year period in the turin canon for which there is no recorded king. Nowhere is this lineage by the witness of henenu cairo 36 346, an official who served under intef second, third intef with a son, and that determines a witness as horus nights ankh ibt3wy, the first mentuhotep ii horus name. The 11th dynasty terraced tomb of mentuhotep ii, the ruler who united egypt at the end of the first intermediate period, on the west bank at luxor ancient thebes is an anomaly. Ancient egypt the middle kingdom with pyramids 20401782 bc history of god 11 duration. Mentuhotep ii pharaoh biography 2010 1998 bc ancient egypt.
Around his 39th year on the throne he reunited egypt, thus ending the first intermediate period. Head of pharaoh mentuhotep ii this head was part of a statue, carved from sandstone, of the pharaoh mentuhotep ii, the unifier of egypt, at the end of the socalled first intermediate period, at the end of the third millennium b. Mentuhotep ii, king ruled 20081957 bce of ancient egypts 11th dynasty 2081 1938 bce who, starting as the ruler of southernmost egypt in about 2008 bce. Under the rule of mentuhotep ii, thebes became the capital of egypt. Presumably put in order system of internal policy and expanded the borders as far as to nome xvii in upper egypt. This would explain pharaoh sneferkara is sitting just. His greatest building work, however, was his temple and tomb on the west bank at thebes modern luxor. Sankhkare mentuhotep iii mentouhotep, pharaoh of egypt 2050. It is currently believed that he fathered his successor mentuhotep iv with one. This lineage is demonstrated by the stele of henenu cairo 36346 an official who served under intef ii, intef iii and his son, which the stele identifies as horus sankhibt3wy, 3 4 mentuhotep ii s first horus name.
King mentuhotep iii actually, the second mentuhotep of the middle kingdom and sometimes referred to as mentuhotep ii, benefited from a strong and flourishing country upon the death of his father, king. Jul 03, 2014 ancient origins articles related to mentuhotep ii in the sections of history, archaeology, human origins, unexplained, artifacts, ancient places and myths and legends. Mentuhotep 2 is often referred to as 1, due to poor records of a mentuhotep founding the 11th dynasty. It is believed that, following his fathers long 51 years of reign, mentuhotep iii was relatively old when he acceded to the throne and reigned for. Egyptian kings mentuhotep, antef, intef, mentuhotpe. The reign of mentuhotep iv corresponds to seven years marked missing in the turin canon, and he may later have been deemed illegitimate.
The political progression of his career is eloquently attested by the. The reign of mentuhotep i reached its pinnacle some years after he came to the throne with the reunification of egypt. Around his 39th year on the throne he reunited egypt thus ending the first. He continued the building program of his father mentuhotep ii, erecting temples to among others, amun and montu, local gods who had grown in prominence during the first intermediate period. His father, mentuhotep was pharaoh for fifty years, so mentuhotep ii was relatively elderly when he came to power. The middle kingdom began with the reunification of egypt by pharaoh mentuhotep ii, in the middle of the xi dynasty, ending the first intermediate period of egypt. Mentuhotep i pharaoh and his mortuary temple 20602010 bc. Mentuhotep ii was the son of antef iii and a minor consort named iah. The change in his status from theban king to king of the two lands is shown in his changing name. Mentuhotep ii was the son of intef iii and intef iiis wife iah who may also have been his sister. He was one of the most prominent pha raohs in egyptian history and a very able statebuilder. On relief in the montu temple at tod presented with his predecessors. Mentuhotep i the reign of mentuhotep i reached its pinnacle some years after he came to the throne with the reunification of egypt.
Archaeologists uncover chapel of king mentuhotep ii. Archaeologists from the ministry of antiquities and heritage mah in egypt made a. Although there were safftombs of the first intermediate period on the west bank of thebes, mentuhotep nebhepetre was the first known king to build a whole mortuary complex. It also meant that mentuhotep ii was relatively elderly when he came to power in 2010 bc, and indeed he was only to rule for 12 years. Their ambition was fulfilled by the 4th king of the 11th dynasty, mentuhotep ii, who, during. Montuhotep is the first theban king who can rightfully claim to be ruler of upper and lower egypt. This head was part of a statue, carved from sandstone, of the pharaoh mentuhotep ii, the unifier of egypt, at the end of the socalled first intermediate period, at the end of. Tips before you go mortuary temple of hatshepsut mortuary. Statue of king mentuhotep ii in the jubilee garment. King mentuhotep ii s chapel unearthed in sohag a well preserved limestone chapel from the reign of the 11th dynasty king mentuhotep ii has been unearthed in sohag nevine elaref, wednesday 2 jul 2014. This painted limestone relief from the tomb of nebhepetre mentuhotep ii dates to about 2000 bc. Mentuhotep was the son of inyotef 3, a small regional king thebes, egypt was divided during the first intermediate period between many local nobles during the early stage of his life mentuhotep had the royal title of he who gives heart to the two lands.
Relief of nebhepetre mentuhotep ii and the goddess hathor. He was most likely considered the founder of the eleventh dynasty and given the pharaonic title posthumously. Ancient egyptian chronology, brill, leidenboston, 2006, isbn 978 90 04 185 5, p. Feb 17, 2011 the resulting civil war was won by the thebans of the 11th dynasty, led by king mentuhotep ii. Mentuhotep ii conquers rival princes, unites egypt with thebes as capital. King mentuhotep iis chapel unearthed in sohag ancient. What were mentuhotep ii of egypts accomplishments and any. Mentuhotep was the son of inyotef 3, a small regional king thebes, egypt was divided during the first intermediate period between many local nobles during the early stage of his life mentuhotep had the.
Sankhkare mentuhotep iii mentouhotep, pharaoh of egypt. The political progression of his career is eloquently attested by the series of horus names he adopted. The leader of an expedition to wadi hammamat, during the second year of mentuhotep ivs reign, was his vizier, amenemhat, who is assumed to be the future king amenemhat i, the first king of the 12th dynasty, and mentuhoteps immediate successor. Mentuhotep ii, also called nebhapetre, king ruled 20081957 bce of ancient egypts 11th dynasty 20811938 bce who, starting as the ruler of southernmost egypt in about 2008 bce, reunified the. This lineage is demonstrated by the stele of henenu cairo 36346, an official who served under intef ii. His throne name is unknown, and he likely didnt have one as there are no archeological evidence he actually ruled as. One of the wives of mentuhotep ii, tem, was given the title mother of the dual king and based on that title she is almost certainly the mother of mentuhotep iii. Mentuhotep ii was the son of the third wife intef intef third for owners of investment, which may also be his sisters accounts. Interlanguage link template existing link wikipedia articles with gnd identifiers wikipedia articles with viaf identifiers. The pharaoh mentuhotep ii reunites the two parts of egypt under one rule signaling the start of the middle kingdom. Temple of mentuhotep nebhepetre egyptian monuments. A timeline created with timetoasts interactive timeline maker. The 11th dynasty terraced tomb of mentuhotep ii, the ruler who united egypt at the end of.
He continued the building program of his father mentuhotep ii, erecting temples to among. This lineage is demonstrated by the stele of henenu cairo 36346 an official who served under intef ii. Thebes is capital of egypt, memphis continues as important religious and commercial site. List of rulers of ancient egypt and nubia lists of rulers heilbrunn.
Mentuhotep ii pharaoh biography 2010 1998 bc ancient. He remained defensive on the northern frontiers, but continued to expand egypt, south of the first cataract. Nebtawyre mentuhotep iv was the last king of the 11th dynasty. Depending on which chronology you follow, this particular mentuhotep may be numbered mentuhotep i or mentuhotep ii. The middle kingdom was the second peak period of the ancient egyptian. Mentuhotep iii was the son and successor of mentuhotep ii.
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